TERRE AUSTRALI E ANTARTICHE FRANCESI

Le terre antartiche e australi francesi (TAAF) sono dal 1955 un territorio d'oltremare francese dotato di autonomia finanziaria e amministrativa. 

Questa collettività d'oltremare è stata costituita nel 1955 mentre prima i territori erano amministrati dal Governatore Generale di Francia in Madagascar. Le TAAF sono costituite dall'arcipelago di Crozet, dall'arcipelago delle Kerguelen, dalle isole di St. Paul e Amsterdam, la terra Adelie e, dal 2007, le Isole Sparse. 

Il possesso di questi territori permette alla Francia di avere un'ampia zona economica esclusiva che si estende su più di 2 milioni di km² di mare. Il budget a disposizione della collettività deriva in gran parte (circa 80% delle entrate) da imposte, tasse d'ormeggio, diritti di pesca, turismo e filatelia mentre il restante 20% è costituite da sovvenzioni da parte dei ministeri francesi dell'oltre mare e dell'ambiente. La sede amministrativa delle TAAF è situata a Saint Pierre, sull'isola della Runione e qui hanno sede gli uffici del prefetto, del gabinetto del prefetto, del segretatario generale e degli altri organi legislativi.

BREVE STORIA DELLE TAAF

French Southern and Antarctic Lands (FSAT) are from 1955 a French overseas territory with financial and administrative autonomy.

This overseas collectivity was formed in 1955 while before the territories were administered by the Governor General of France in Madagascar. The TAAF are made from the archipelago of Crozet, Kerguelen from the archipelago, the islands of St. Paul and Amsterdam, the land Adelie and, since 2007, the Scattered Islands.

The possession of these territories to allow France to have a large exclusive economic zone which extends over more than 2 million km² of sea. The budget of the community comes largely (about 80% of revenue) from taxes mooring, fishing rights, tourism and philately while the remaining 20% ​​is made up of subsidies from the French Ministries of the sea and of the beyond 'environment. The administrative headquarters of the TAAF is located in Saint Pierre, on the island of Runione here and home to the headquarters of the prefect, the staff of the prefect, the Secretary-General and other legislative bodies.

LITTLE HISTORY OF TAAF

1522 Sebastian del Cano, companion of Magellan, discovered the islands of Saint Paul and Amsterdam.

1772 Nicolas Marion Dufresne discovers the archipelago of Crozet

1772 Yves de Kerguelen de Tremarec discovers the archipelago which will have its name

1840 Jules Dumont d'Urville, in search of the South Magnetic Pole, discovers a land on the Antarctic continent which will give the name Adélie, in tribute to his wife

1843 The French government officially takes possession of the islands in the Saint Paul and Amsterdam
form of protectorate

1892 The French government officially takes possession of the Kerguelen Islands

1924 By decree of November 21, 1924 archipelagos Crozet, Kerguelen and Saint Paul and
Amsterdam are placed under the administration of the Governor General of France in
Madagascar

1931 socket official possession of the archipelago of Crozet

1947 The Council of Ministers agreed to send scientific missions in Antarctica and Arctic and instructs Paul-Emile Victor
organization of shipments

1955 The law of August 6, 1955 creates an overseas territory, the TAAF, including Crozet,
Kerguelen, Saint-Paul and Amsterdam and the Terre Adelie

1959 trattatato Washington marks the will of the international community to devote
Antarctica to scientific research and prohibit military activities.

1992 is created the Institut Francais pour la Recherche et la Technologie Polaires

2007 Iles Eparses are placed under the administration of the TAAF